ABSTRACT
Objective To predict the action targets of antitussive and expectorant active ingredients of Farfarae Flos (FF) to understand the “multi-components, multi-targets, and multi-pathways” mechanism. Methods Using network pharmacology, the main components in FF [chlorogenic acid, 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, rutin, caffeic acid, quercetin, kampferol, hyperoside, β-sitosterol, tussilagone, and 7β-(3-Ethyl-ciscrotonoyloxy)-1α-(2-methylbutyryloxy)-3(14)- dehydro-Z-notonipetranone] reported in previous studies, were used to predict the targets of main active ingredients of FF according to the PharmMapper method. The prediction was made by screening of the antitussive and expectorant targets approved by the CooLGeN database and annotating the information of targets with the aid of MAS 3.0 biological molecular function software. Based on the molecular docking, the tight binding of active ingredients with potential protein targets was explored by Systems Dock Web Site. The Cytoscape software was used to construct the FF ingredients-targets-pathways network. Results The network analysis indicated that the active ingredients in FF involve 18 targets, such as IL-2, COX-2, and RNASE3, as well as the signal transduction-inflammation-energy metabolism relevant biological processes and metabolic pathways. Conclusion The antitussive and expectorant effect of FF showed the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine in multi-components, multi-targets, and multi-pathways. This research provides a scientific basis for elucidation of the antitussive and expectorant pharmacological mechanism of FF.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the molecular mechanism and potential active components of Jiegeng Decotion (JD) with the antitussive and expectorant effects. Methods: Target proteins related with phlegm and cough were selected through mining literature and retrieving in DrugBank and TTD database, and the main active components and potential target proteins from JD were computed and analyzed by DOVIS 2.0 and Cytoscape 3.0 to build a molecular-protein regulatory network. Results: A total of 38 target proteins and 472 small molecules were initially screened based on the pathological mechanism which is related with phlegm and cough. Molecular docking results showed that 78 molecules (five from Platycodi Radix and 73 from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and their structural characteristics analysis were in accordance with the “rules of generic drugs”) were found in JD with higher docking score (Score ≥ 7) of target protein. According to the results of molecular docking, 128 molecular-target protein data pairs with high docking scores (Score ≥ 7) were selected, and then 26 major active components of JD (saponins and flavonoids, etc.) and 13 target proteins were identified by using Network analyzer. Conclusion: The active components of JD could regulate over-inflammatory response on the respiratory tract, improve the lung function, inhibit the over-expression of mucin, and reduce the reaction of the stimulation on cough center through acting on the main target proteins (TLR4, MMP9, IKK2, etc), thereby achieving the antitussive and expectorant effects.
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Objective In order to screen effective traditional Chinese medicine compounds to prevent and control porcine respiratory disease syndrome ( PRDC) , seven compound preparations of traditional Chinese medicine were tested and to analyze their antitussive and expectorant effects in mice .Methods Two hundred 6-week old ICR mice ( male∶fe-male=1∶1) were used in this study .Dextromethorphan and ammonium chloride were used as positive control drugs , and physiological saline was used as blank control .The antitussive and expectorant effects of the seven Chinese medicine com-pounds (groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) were observed by ammonia-induced cough model and tracheal phenol red secretion method in mice .Results The results showed that compounds 7 and 5 significantly prolonged the cough incubation period (P <0.05), and reduced the cough times within 5 min (P <0.05).Except for the group 4, tracheal phenol red excre-tion in the other groups was significantly lower than that of blank control group (P <0.05), and phenol red excretion in the mice of groups 7, 5 and ammonium chloride group was significantly lower than that in other treatment groups ( P <0.05).Conclusions The Chinese medicine compounds 5 and 7 show most evident expectorant effects , and worthy of fur-ther validation of them as a drug in the treatment of porcine respiratory disease syndrome .
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[Objective]To study the antitussive and expectorant effects of aqueous extract of cudweed.[Method] The mice cough model induced by ammonia,guinea pig cough model induced by acitric acid and method of stimulating mouse’ trachea with phenol red were used in this experiment.[Results]The aqueous extract of cudweed significantly prolonged the tussive delitescence of mice,decreased the tussive times of guinea pigs and increased the secretion of mouse’ trachea induced by phenol red.[Conclusion]The antitussive and expectorant effect of cudweed was obvious.